Contactless Access Credentials Guide

Published Aug 23, 2021 13:28 PM

Contactless credentials are the most commonly used for access control systems, but while they look alike externally, important differences exist.

IPVM Image

Choosing the correct one can be the difference between a secure facility and wasting significant money. Understanding how they operate and what their specifications mean is a big challenge.

In this guide, we cover the basic elements needed to specify the right contactless credentials, including:

  • HID vs. NXP Credential Formats
  • 125 kHz vs. 13.56 MHz Frequencies
  • Facility Names
  • Facility Codes
  • Card ID/Serial Numbers
  • ISO 14443A vs. 14443B
  • Form Factors

Credentials ********

***** ***** ********** ******* *****, *** most ****** ****** ** **** '***********' types. ****** **% ** ******* *** contactless ***** ** **** ***** ** unpowered ******* **** *** ******* *** read **** ******* ***** ** * reader ****. **** '******** *****' ******* is ************** ****** ********. *** ******* ** ************ *************** ** ************ *********:

** *********, *** ****** ***** ** electric ***** ********* ** *** ****, eventually ******** ****** ** * ****** that *********** ****** * ******** **** transfer ******* *** ***.

*** ***** ***** ******* ******* ******** components ** *** ****, ***** *** wire ******* ******** ******, *** ********* stores **, *** **** **** ********** ICC ********** **** **** **** ******* the ******* ** *** ******:

IPVM Image

** *******, *** *********** *********** **** this *** *** *** ***** ********** like ********* *********, **** ** ********** data, **********, *** ****** ** *** data ******* ****. ** *** ******** that ******, ** ******* ***** ********** in *****.

Contactless *********** ********* ** ******

*** ** *** ******* *********** ** contactless *********** ** *** ****** ** the **** ** ********, ********* ********** by *** ************. ******* ** *****-******** of *********** ********************* ********* ** ************************* *************.

HID ********

IPVM Image****** ***** *** ***~*,*** ********* ** ********. ** *** ****** ***** ********* away **** '*********' *********** ** *** early ****'*, *** ****** ****** ****** with *** ******"****" *********.

**** ** **** *****, *** *** become *** **** ****** ******** ****** credential ********, *** *** ** ******** for ****** ****** ********* *****, *********, and *******. *** *******'* ****-***** ******* include:

  • "*********": ** ***** ************, *** ***** ********* **** *** specified **** ** *** *******
  • ******: ** *** ****** ******** **.** MHz '*********'

*** ** *** ** ********** ****** share, *** ** **** ** ******* the *** ** *** ********** ******* to * ******* ** ********** *** reader *************. **** **** ********* ******* 'ISO ***** *********' *********, *** ******** follows "**** *" ********* (** **** "A" - ********* ** **** ****** later).

NXP ********

IPVM Image******-***** *** ************** ***~**,*** ********* ** ********, *** ** ******* ** ******** industries ******* **** ******** ******, ******** 'contactless' ********** ********** **** ** ******** markets - ********, *******, *** **********.

**** ********** ******** ** *** ********* in ********** **************, *** ****** * catalog ** ***** ***** ** ****, including:

  • ****** ****: ***'* ************ ***** ** ***** ****** ** ISO *********, *** *** ** ****** adopted ** ***'* "*********" *****
  • ******/*******: ** *** *********-***** *** '*********' format, **** ********* ** **.** *** The '*******' ******* *** ********** ** the ***** ***** ** *********** *** format **** '****** *******' ***********. ******* credentials ******* ******** ********** **** ******** higher ********** *****. *** '*******' ****** fell ***** ******** *** ***** ********** to ***** *******, *** ******* ********* this ******. ******* ***** ************ **** made **** ** ***********, *** ******** MIFARE ******* ***** ***** ** ****, the *** ****** ****** ***** ** 'MIFARE/DESFire'. *** **** ****** ******* ********* ** ***, ********** ** *** ****.

****** ***, ***'* ********** ******* *** 'license-free' *** *** ********* ********* *** available *** ********** *** *** ** cost. *** ************* *** *** ***** product ** "**** *" *********.

***'* ******-***** ** ******* ******* *** US, ****** ********** ** *** ***** (starting ** ~****'*) ******** ** *** Global ******* ****** *** **, *** the *****'* ******* *** ***** *** primary **** **** ** ****** *** Asia *** ******** ****** *******.

US ** *** *****

******* ** *** *************'* ******** ** EMEA *** *** **** ** *********, MIFARE, *******, *** *** ********** *********** are ******* ******* *** **.

*******, ***'* ********* ******* *** ** the ********, ********** ** *** **. Despite *** ********** **** ** ********* compliant *********** *** *******, *** ******* also ******** ******** **** *** *** unlicensed *** ******* *** *** ***** or ******* *********** ** * ******.

125 *** ** **.** ***

*** **********'* ** ********* ******* * key **** ** *** ***********. ******* readers *** **** **** *********** ********* at ******** ******** ***********, **** ********* is *** ***** ** ********.

** ** ******* ** ******* ****** ********, ** ********* *** ****** ** not *****, *********** *** ****** *** read. *** ***** ***** ***** *** frequency ** ******* *******:

IPVM Image

******* *** ******* ********** ******* *** kHz *** **.** *** *********** ** credential ********. ** ************ ****** **** ****** ******* **** **** $30 *** ****** **** ******, *** *** ******* ** *** support ********** *** *** ****** ******* or *******. *******, **.** *** ******* are ********* (******* *** *** *** or *******) *** ********** **** *** only ** **** ** * ****** that ** ************ ***** *** *** to ** **.

Deciphering ********** *****

*** ** *** **** *********** **** for *********** *** *** ***** ***** is ****** *********** ***** ********** * system ** *****. *** ****** ** crowded **** ******** ** ******* **** no ********** ** ************* *** ***** that *** ****** ** ** * blank ***** ****.

*** ***** ***** ******* **** ********* credential ***** **** ************ ********* *********** and ******** ***************, *** **** ********** look *******:

IPVM Image

*** *********** *****, *** **** **** three ********** **** *** *** ****** printed ** ******* ** *** **********:

Format ****

**** ********** *** *** *** **** data *** ********** *********, ******* ******* by ** *** ******** *** ******* formats. *** ******* ****** ** *** typical ** *** ******, ****** ** HID's ******* ** ***, *** ** on. *** **** *** ** ******* the ****** **** ** * **** is ** ****** * *** ***** of ******** ***** (*** ***** ***** 'Card ****** *******'), ** ***** ****** **********(*****'* ******* ******) ** ********* *** raw *********** ****** ** * ******** format. ** **** ***** *** *** available, *********** *** ********** **** **** by ******** *** ****** **** ** the****** ******* ********** ******** ***********, ********* ** *** ********** *** reader ************* ********.

Facility ****

**** ********* ** *** ******* ** the **** ** **** *****. **** piece ** *********** ** **** ********* found ** *** ****** *** *** be ******* ***** *** **** ****** calculators *** ****** ****. ** ******* cases, ****** ******* **** ** ********** to ****** ******** ******** ***** *** some ***-*** ******* *** ***** ********** codes ** *** ******** ******. ******* knowing **** ****, *********** *** *** sure ** ****.

Card **/****** ****** (***/***)

** **** *****, *** ** ****** is ******** ** ******* ** *** card. **** ****** ** *** '****** ID' **** **** * **** ** a ******** *****. ***** ********** ******* are *** ** *****, ********* ******* are, *** *** **** **** ** and ******** ***** ********** ****** ** issued ***** ** *** **** ******. The ***** ***** *****

IPVM Image

*************, *** ***** *****/***** ****** *********** printed ** *** **** ** ***** not **** ** *** ****** ****** at *** *** ** **** ******* to ****** ** *********** *** ****** of *** **** ** ******* ** a ******** ***********, *** ****, ** dealer.

** **** *****, * **** ****** or *********** **** '****' ** ******* card *** * ***, *** **** around ***** *** **** ******* ******** days.

*****, *** *** *** ***** ********* in ********** ** ***** *** ********, easiest *** ** ****** *** ***** pieces ** **** ***********, ** *** a ********** **** ******, ** ***** below:

IPVM Image

The ***/*** ***** ********

**** ****** ********* ***'*********** ***'* ****** *********, *** ** not *** ********* ************** ** ** ISO ********, **** ***** '****' *** same ** **** *******. *******, ******* early ******** ** *** ******** **** room *** ***************, *** *** *** designed ***** '*********' ********* **** * different ********** *********.

*** *** ****** ** **** ******** of ********** ***** '*** ***** **********', *** *** *** ******** ***************. To ********* **** **********, *** ******* 14443 ** ******* ***** '****/** *' ** ********* *** *** offerings. *** *******, ***** ****** ****** of ***** ** ******** ** **** A & * *****, *** *** encoded **** ** *** **** ** unreadable ******* *** *** ******* *** original ******** **** **** *** ************** ambiguity.

** *******, ******* ***** ** ** licensing **** ** ***** '**** *' standards, **** ***-****, ***-** ****** ******, and *** ****** ******** ***** ****. However, ******* ******** ************ ** *** US ** **** ******* **** * broader ****** ****** ******* *** '**** B' ********** ****** ** ***.

*** *******, **** **** ****** ******** 14443-A, *** *** *****-*, ******* ** practical ***** ** **** *** ******* HID's **.** *** ****** *******, *** does ******* ***'* **.** *** ******/******* formats:

IPVM Image

** ********, *** ****** ******* ******* both '*' *** '*' ***** **** the ***-*** ******** '***' **** **** either **** ** *********** **** **** with ***** *******:

IPVM Image

13.56 *** ********* ****************

***** *** '**** * & *' division ** *** ***** ********* ******* from ***** *** ****, ** **** not ****** **** **** *** ******** with **** *****. ******** ** *** 14443 *** *** **** ** **** parts, ********* *** '**** ****** ******'. For **** ****** *******, **** ** the ****** ****** **** ********** ****** users, *** ******* **** ****** ** not *******, ** **** ******** ** 'non ********' *******:

  • ***/*** ******:*********** *** ****'* ****** ********** ** readable ******* ** ** *** ****** in *** **** '*********' *****. **** simple *** ********* *** **** **** number ** ****** * ****, *** instead *** *** ******** ******** ** assign ******, *********, *** **********.
  • ******* ****/*****:*******, *** **** ******** ** ******* within *** **** ** ********* *** unreadable ****** ********* ******* *** ****. Especially *** ****** ******* ***** *** credential ****** *** ******* (**: *****, ***** *******) *** *** multi-factor ************** (**: **********) **** ******** ***********, *** simple *** ** *** **********.

The *** ********

** ***** ** ********, *** *** credential ******* *** *********. *** '**** Serial ******' (******* ** *** *********) for **.** *** ***** *** ***** be **** ********** ** ********** ******, modulation ******, ** **********. *** *** may ** ****** ** * ****** ID ** *** ******, *** *** full **** *** ** *** ********** will *** ** *********.

*** ******* ******* **** **** * few ***** *** * ******* ** fewer ***********, ***** *** *** ** the ******* ** ** ****** *** to *** **** ** ********** ** using **** ** ****** ***** *******. However, *** ****-******** ***** ***** ****** identity ********** ** ******** ** ******** or **** *********** *** **** *** multiple ********** *******, ***** **** ** identify ****** *********** ** ***** *** approved. ******, *** ****'* ********* **** is ******** *******.

Form ******

********** ****** *** *** **** ******* to ***** ** ****. ** ** cover ** ********* ********** **** ****** ********, *** **** *** ****** ** hosting * ********** *** ******* ********, tokens, ****-***** *****, ** ***********.

IPVM Image

*** **** ****** ** *** ********** often ** ** ********* ************* ** overall ********** *** ******* ****. *** example, ***** * ***** *** **** may ** ***** ** ***** ** ID ***** ** *** **** **** a *******, ** *** ****** ** bent ** ****** ** * ***** environment. * *** ***, ***** ********** for ******** * ******* **, ** designed ** ** ******* ****** ** withstand *****, ***** *********** *********, *** even ********** ** *****.

*** ***** **** ****** ****** ****** be ******** ** *** **** *** the ****'* ***********, *** *********, *** major ********** ***** **** ******** **** factor ******* ** ****.

System ******

** ***** ** ****** *******, ********** providers/formats ****** **** ****** ******. ****** selection **** ******** *** ********** ******, and *** ********** ****** ** **** must ***** **** **** ******. ** terms ** '****** ********** ********' *********, this ****** **** *** ********* ******, because *** ****** ****** ********** ********** communication. ** **** ** *** ******** is ********** **** *** ******, *** credential ****** ** * ******** ******, and **** ******* ********** ***** ***** on ********* *** **** ** ******** rather **** ********** ***********.

*******, **** **** ******** ** ****, changes *** ****** ******* **** ********* require *********** ** *********** ** ****** devices. ******** **** *** ****** ** the ***** *** **** ********* *** affects *** *****, ** ******* *** uncommon.

Comments (10)
Avatar
Ross Vander Klok
Aug 24, 2021
IPVMU Certified

****** *** **** *****! * ***** guide **** ******* ** *** ********* it ** ** **** **** *** and ******* *** ***** ***** *** the ***** ****** ** *** ***** place. *** ** * ********* **** dealing **** ******** ***** *** ***** disparate *** ********** *****.

(3)
Avatar
David Clarke
Aug 25, 2021

** ******* ** *** ****? ** have **** ******* ******* *** *** Seos *** *****. ** **** ** on "**** *******" ***** ***. ** key *** ******* *** ***** ** each ***** *** **** *** * simple *** *** ******. *** *** Seos ******* **** **** ********* * Seos **** *** *** *** ******* "key." **** ** ****** ************* *** encoded **** ***.

******* * **** **** ***** ***** to **** *** ********.

*** *** ** * **** ** deal **** *** ***** **** ******** is *******. ************, *** ****** ** HID ********** **!

(2)
(4)
JH
Jarrett Hobbs
May 24, 2022
IPVMU Certified

*** ***** **** ** ****** ** discuss ********* **********, ****, ***?

MM
Melvin Mitchell
Jan 02, 2023
IPVMU Certified

********** **** ******* *** **** ** the ****** **** ******* ** *** way ********** ** ********. *** ** is ****** ***** ** ** * fight **** *** ****** *** **** people **** ****** **** ***'*

(3)
Avatar
Mike Kelley
Jan 13, 2023

********* ********** ***** ********** *** ******* started ****** *** ***** ** ******** cards

(1)
UI
Undisclosed Integrator #1
Jan 30, 2023

***** *** ******* *****-**** ******* ******** and *********** ** ********* ***** ** credentials **** ** ******** ******** *******. As *** ******* ********, ***** ** a ***** ** ********** ***** *********, each **** *** *** ********** *** drawbacks. *** *******, ********* *********** *** offer ******** ******** ******** ** **** readers, *** **** *** **** ***** privacy ********. ** *** ***** ****, mobile *********** *** ***** ******* ***********, but **** *** **** **** ******** risks ** * ****** ** **** or ******. ** ********** ********* ** advance, **'* ********* ** ***** *** different ******* *** ********* *** **** balance ******* ******** *** *********** *** a ***** *********.

SN
Shawn Nichols
Feb 10, 2023

**** ****** * ** ** *** US, *** *********** ** *** ******** models ** ***********.

* ***'* **** **** ********** **** determining *** ********* **** ******* ***** a ******** *********. **** *********** **** help * *** ** *** ******.

SS
Sean Shepard
Jun 04, 2023
IPVMU Certified

**** *** **** ******* **** * talk ** *** *********** ***** **.****** credentials. * ***** *** ******** ***** should ** *** *********** ** **** at ** ******* ** *** % of ***-***** **** *** "*********" ***** the **********. *** *** ******* ****** and **.****** **** ***** *******. **** most ************, ***** *** ****** ***... then **** ***** ** ***... **** they ***** ***. *********, **** **** embrace ***. **** *** ** **** in ***** ************ ** **** ******** adopted. **** *** ******** ***** *** example. ** *** *** * **** phone **** ** *** **'*, **** some ****** *** **** ** *** 90's. **** *** ** * ******, everyone *** * ********* ***** */**. It **** ***** * ***** ******** for **** ******** ** *****.

JT
James Tracy
Feb 10, 2024
IPVMU Certified

********** *** ******** ** ********* **********!

SM
Sam Morales
Jul 13, 2024

********** *** ******** **Deciphering ********** *****, I am new to the security industry and this guide is a game changer in terms of understanding card type/frequencies.